{"id":68701,"date":[],"date_gmt":"2017-06-15T16:52:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/apsaidal.com\/musgum-dwellings\/"},"modified":"2025-07-21T01:11:50","modified_gmt":"2025-07-20T23:11:50","slug":"musgum-dwellings-3","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/apsaidal.com\/fr\/musgum-dwellings-3\/","title":{"rendered":"Case obus Mousgoum"},"content":{"rendered":"

Les maisons en terre des Musgum, appel\u00e9es localement Tolek<\/em> ou Case Obus<\/em>, sont des habitations traditionnelles en forme de ruche, construites \u00e0 partir de terre comprim\u00e9e et s\u00e9ch\u00e9e au soleil par le peuple musgum dans la r\u00e9gion du Mayo-Danay, au Cameroun. S\u2019\u00e9levant jusqu\u2019\u00e0 9\u202fm de hauteur, ces structures vo\u00fbt\u00e9es incarnent l\u2019ing\u00e9niosit\u00e9 vernaculaire de l\u2019architecture en terre, adapt\u00e9e au climat, \u00e0 la vie communautaire et \u00e0 l\u2019utilisation durable des mat\u00e9riaux.<\/p>\n

Les habitations Musgum illustrent une alliance remarquable entre forme et fonction : les d\u00f4mes coniques ou en V invers\u00e9 reposent sur le principe de l\u2019architecture par compression (arc cat\u00e9naire), offrant une grande stabilit\u00e9 avec des moyens limit\u00e9s. Les \u00e9pais murs en terre assurent une inertie thermique qui garde l\u2019int\u00e9rieur frais pendant la journ\u00e9e et plus chaud la nuit. L\u2019ouverture au sommet permet la ventilation et peut aussi servir d\u2019issue de secours en cas d\u2019inondation.<\/p>\n

Chaque d\u00f4me est orn\u00e9 de rainures verticales et de motifs g\u00e9om\u00e9triques qui rythment visuellement la surface tout en remplissant des fonctions pratiques : faciliter l\u2019\u00e9coulement des eaux et permettre l\u2019escalade lors du resurfa\u00e7age annuel. L\u2019entretien est traditionnellement assur\u00e9 par les femmes.<\/p>\n

Les Tolek<\/em> sont regroup\u00e9es en ensembles domestiques comprenant souvent un grenier central, ainsi que des zones distinctes pour le b\u00e9tail, la cuisine et le repos. Cette organisation refl\u00e8te un mode de vie communautaire et familial \u00e9largi, avec une architecture \u00e9volutive selon les besoins familiaux, les mariages et l\u2019agriculture.<\/p>\n

Bien que consid\u00e9r\u00e9es comme obsol\u00e8tes avec l\u2019arriv\u00e9e du ciment, ces maisons connaissent aujourd\u2019hui un regain d\u2019int\u00e9r\u00eat patrimonial\u2014au Cameroun et \u00e0 l\u2019international\u2014soulignant leur valeur \u00e9cologique, leur beaut\u00e9 sculpturale et leur ancrage profond dans l\u2019identit\u00e9 musgum.<\/p>\n

\n

\u00a0.<\/span><\/p>\n

Sources: <\/span><\/b>Wikipedia, PanAfroCentralCore.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Les maisons en terre des Musgum, appel\u00e9es localement Tolek ou Case Obus, sont des habitations traditionnelles en forme de ruche, construites \u00e0 partir de terre comprim\u00e9e et s\u00e9ch\u00e9e au soleil par le peuple musgum dans la r\u00e9gion du Mayo-Danay, au Cameroun. S\u2019\u00e9levant jusqu\u2019\u00e0 9\u202fm de hauteur, ces structures vo\u00fbt\u00e9es incarnent l\u2019ing\u00e9niosit\u00e9 vernaculaire de l\u2019architecture en […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":99516,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":[],"meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[798],"tags":[685],"professionals":[],"style":[],"color":[],"materials":[],"products":[],"size":[],"company":[],"associate":[],"companies-institutions":[],"non-african":[],"region":[8422],"class_list":["post-68701","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-patrimoine","tag-cameroun","region-afrique-centrale"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/apsaidal.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/68701","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/apsaidal.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/apsaidal.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/apsaidal.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/apsaidal.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=68701"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/apsaidal.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/68701\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":126086,"href":"https:\/\/apsaidal.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/68701\/revisions\/126086"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/apsaidal.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/99516"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/apsaidal.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=68701"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/apsaidal.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=68701"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/apsaidal.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=68701"},{"taxonomy":"professionals","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/apsaidal.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/professionals?post=68701"},{"taxonomy":"style","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/apsaidal.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/style?post=68701"},{"taxonomy":"color","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/apsaidal.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/color?post=68701"},{"taxonomy":"materials","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/apsaidal.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/materials?post=68701"},{"taxonomy":"products","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/apsaidal.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/products?post=68701"},{"taxonomy":"date","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/apsaidal.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/date?post=68701"},{"taxonomy":"format","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/apsaidal.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/format?post=68701"},{"taxonomy":"size","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/apsaidal.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/size?post=68701"},{"taxonomy":"company","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/apsaidal.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/company?post=68701"},{"taxonomy":"associate","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/apsaidal.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/associate?post=68701"},{"taxonomy":"companies-institutions","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/apsaidal.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/companies-institutions?post=68701"},{"taxonomy":"non-african","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/apsaidal.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/non-african?post=68701"},{"taxonomy":"region","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/apsaidal.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/region?post=68701"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}